Preview of 1994 Ozone Precursor Concentrations in the Norteastern U.S

List of Figures

2. Overview of PAMS and Assosciated Data Sets

Figure 2.1 1995 Photochemical Assesment Monitoring Stations in the NESCAUM
Figure 2.2 Locations of PAMS Sites with Data Employed in this Report(Avail. via Internet)

3. Overview of Selected Episodes

Figure 3.1 Afternoon (3 pm) Ozoner on 7/7/94
Figure 3.2 Afternoon (3 pm) Ozoner on 7/21/94
Figure 3.3 Morning (10 pm) Surface winds on 7/7/94
Figure 3.4 Morning (10 pm) Surface winds on 7/21/94
Figure 3.5 (left) Regional Average 1 Hour and 24 Hour Ozone Levels (for sites displayed at left) during July, 1994
Figure 3.5 (right) Regional Average 1 Hour and 24 Hour Ozone Levels (for sites displayed at left) during July, 1994
Figure 3.6 (left) Regional Average 1 Hour and 24 Hour NOx Levels (for sites displayed at right) during July, 1994
Figure 3.6 (right) Regional Average 1 Hour and 24 Hour NOx Levels (for sites displayed at right) during July, 1994
Figure 3.7 (left) Regional Average 1 Hour and 24 Hour CO Levels (for sites displayed at left) during July, 1994
Figure 3.7 (right) Regional Average 1 Hour and 24 Hour CO Levels (for sites displayed at left) during July, 1994

4. VOC to NOx Ratios

Figure 4.1 Conceptial Ekma Diagram
Figure 4.2 Morning NMOC:NOx Ratios at Urban and Suburban New Jersey Sites, Summer, `93
Figure 4.3 Average Diurnal TNMHC to NOx Ratios at Selected PAMS Sites During Summer, 1993
Figure 4.4 Morning TNMHC to NOx Ratios for NE PAMS Sites During July, 1994 Episodes

5. VOC Composition, Reactivity and Toxicity

Figure 5.1 Speciated and Unspeciated VOCs at NESCAUM PAMS Sites During 7/94 Episodes
Table 5.1 VOC Abundance in ppbc (Hourly Averages for 7/6-8/94 and 7/20-22/94)
Figure 5.2 Average Hourly Concentration by Compound (ppbc)
Table 5.2 Most Abundant Anthropogenic VOCs in Selected Measurement Campaigns
Figure 5.3 Average Carbonyls (ppbc) at NESCAUM PAMS Sites during July, 1994 Episodes
Figure 5.4 Average Carbonyls (ppbv) at NESCAUM PAMS Sites during July, 1994 Episodes
Figure 5.5 Diurnal Carbonyl Cycles for July, 1994 (aggregated for all NESCAUM Type II Sites)
Figure 5.6 Average Reactivity-Weighted (MIR) VOC Concentrations (Y-scale units are potential ozone in ppbv)
Figure 5.7 Diurnal Isoprene and m/p Xylene (averaged for 6 NESCAUM PAMS Sites for July, 1994 Episodes)
Figure 5.8 Average Diurnal Isoprene at Selected NESCAUM PAMS Sites During July, 1994 Episodes
Figure 5.9 Average Diurnal Isoprene at Selected NESCAUM PAMS Sites During July, 1994 Episodes
Figure 5.10 Isoprene vs. Temperature at Stafford, CT PAMS Site During July, 1994 Episodes (for temperatures >=70 Degrees F)
Figure 5.11 Hypothetical (temperature-based) Diurnal Isoprene Emissions & Concentrations at Stafford CT during 7/94 Episodes
Figure 5.12 Average Diurnal Isoprene at Atlanta Sites during July and August, 1990
Figure 5.13 Average Diurnal Isoprene at Atlanta Sites during August 15 to 25, 1990
Figure 5.14
Figure 5.15 Ozone vs. Benzene at 1993 PAMS Sites
Figure 5.16 Ozone vs. Formaldehyde at '93 PAMS Sites
Figure 5.17 Estimated Cancer Risks from Formaldehyde (Assuming Long-Term Exposures) from Summer, '93 PAMS and CASTNet Data, and from July, '94 - (Monthly Means and Ozone Episodes)
Figure 5.18 (left) Comparison of Daily PM-10 and 3 PM Ozone Concentrations on July 7, 1994
Figure 5.18 (right) Comparison of Daily PM-10 and 3 PM Ozone Concentrations on July 7, 1994

6. VOC Sources and Transformation

Figure 6.1 Estimated Urban B/T and X/T Ratios from Atlanta, Source profiles (from Henry et al., 1994)
Figure 6.2 Measured Urban B/T and X/T Ratios from E. Hartford, CT PAMS Site during July '94 Episodes
Figure 6.3 Predicted Changes in B/T and X/T Ratios at Rural Sites (Resulting from Airmass Aging)
Figure 6.4 Measured Rural B/T and X/T Ratios from Stafford, CT PAMS Site during July '94 Episodes
Figure 6.5 m/p-Xylene vs. Toluene at E. Hartford, CT During July, 1994 Episodes
Figure 6.6 m/p- Xylene vs. Toluene at Stafford, CT During July, 1994 Episodes
Figure 6.7 Average Diurnal B/T Ratios at CT PAMS Sites during July, 1994 Episodes
Figure 6.8 Average Benzene to Toluene Ratios For NESCAUM PAMS Sites During July, 1994 Episodes
Figure 6.9 B/T Ratios for NE PAMS Sites During 7/94 Episodes, with Estimated Atlanta Source ratios for Headspace (H), Roadway (R) and Gasoline (G)
Figure 6.10 n-Pentane vs. n-Butane at NE Sites During 7/94 Episodes (with Atlanta Source Ratios)
Figure 6.11 Isopentane vs. n-Butane at NE Sites During 7/94 Episodes (with Atlanta Source Ratios)
Figure 6.12 Average Diurnal n-Pentane at NE PAMS Sites During 7/94 Episodes
Figure 6.13 Average Diurnal Isopentane at NE PAMS Sites During 7/94 Episodes
Figure 6.14 Average Diurnal Patterns of Selected VOCs at Chicopee, MA During 7/94 Episodes
Figure 6.15 Average Diurnal Toluene Patterns at NE PAMS Sites During 7/94 Episodes
Figure 6.16 Isopentane vs. Toluene at NE PAMS Sites
Figure 6.17 Surface Winds for Chicopee and Springfield, MA for Hours with High I/T Ratios (Source 1)
Figure 6.18 Surface Winds for Chicopee and Springfield, MA for Hours with Low I/T Ratios (Source 2)

7. Transport

Figure 7.1 Maximum Ozone and Hour of Occurrence on 7/21/94
Figure 7.2 8-Hour Moving Average Ozone Copncentrations on 7/21/94
Figure 7.3 Moving Winds Around Boston on 7/21/94
Figure 7.3 XNE Coast Surface wind speeds on 7/21/94
Figure 7.5 Surface Winds at 3 PM on 7/21/94
Figure 7.6 Diurnal Nox Levels at Lynn, MA and Cape Elizabeth, ME Monthly Averages for July, 1994, and Specifies for July 21, 1994
Figure 7.7 Nox, Benzene and Toluene at Cape Elizabeth, ME on 7/21/94
Figure 7.8 Cape Elizabeth and Lynn Surface Winds Directions on 7/21/94 s
Figure 7.9 Ozone vs. NO at All Available PAMS Sites in AIRS (at Right) for Summer, 1993
Figure 7.10 Ozone vs. NO at All Available PAMS Sites in AIRS (at Right) for Summer, 1993
Figure 7.11 Average NE Regional Nox to CO Ratios for 7/94
Figure 7.12 7/94 NO to CO Ratios for Boston and Worcester, MA

8. New York City Data

Figure 8.1 Comparison of VOC Concentrations at NY Botanical Gardens with New England Regional Averages During July, 1994 Episode Periods
Figure 8.2 Benzene vs. Toluene at New York and New England Sites During 7/94 Episodes
Figure 8.3 Acetylene vs. Ethene from Atlanta, 1990 and Chicago PAMS,, 1993
Figure 8.4 Acetylene vs. Ethene at NE PAMS Sites During 7/94 Episodes
Figure 8.5 Acetylene vs. Ethene at NY and NE sites During July, 1994 Episodes

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Last modified Wednesday, September 06 1995